Introduction of English
Grammer adalah Susunan tata bahasa dalam bahasa inggris.
Tenses adalah Susunan kejadian atau peristiwa yang ditentukan oleh waktu (Present, past, future, progressive).
Ejaan Yang Disempurnakan:- Setiap hari Ibu mencuci baju.
- Kemarin Ibu mencuci baju.
- Besok Ibu mencuci baju.
- Everyday my mom washes the clothes → Simple Present
- Yesterday my mom washed the clothes → Simple Past
- Tomorrow my mom will wash the clothes → Future
- Partikel partikel penting yang sering ditemui dalam bahasa inggris.
- Verb (Kata kerja)
- Adjective (Kata sifat)
- Noun (Kata benda)
- Profession (Pekerjaan seseorang)
- Adverb (Kata keterangan)
- Adverb of time
- Adverb Of Place
- Simple Present yaitu, menyatakan suatu kejadian yang terjadi setiap hari (daily activity), kebiasaan (habitual action), fakta umum (General truth).
- Rumus verbal 1 :
(+) S + V1 + -es/ -s + O
(-) S + doesn't + V1 + O
(?) Does + S + V1 + O ?
- Contoh kalimatnya:
- She reads book every night.
- She doesn't reads book every night.
- Does she reads book every night?
- Rumus verbal 2 :
(+) S + V1 + O
(-) S + don't + V1 + O
(?) Do + S + V1 + O ?
- Contoh kalimatnya :
- We don't listen music
- Do we listen music?
- Rumus Non-verbal :
(-) S + am/is/are + not + non-v + O
(?) am/is/are + S + non-v + O ?
- Contoh kalimatnya :
- Jokowi is not a president of indonesia
- Is Jokowi president of indonesia?
➨Keterangan :
- Am untuk I
- Are untuk They, we, you
- Is untuk She, he, it
- Every
- Always
- Seldom / rarely
- Sometime
- Often
- Usually
- Never
- Ever
- Apabila verb diakhiri akhiran -o,-ss, -sh, -ch, -x ➝ -es
- Go menjadi goes
- Kiss menjadi kisses
- Wash menjadi washes
- watch menjadi watches
- fix menjadi fixes
- Apabila verb diakhiri huruf konsonan -y ➝ -es
- Cry menjadi Cries
- Fly menjadi Flies
- Apabila Verb diakhiri huruf vokal -y ➝ -s
- Buy menjadi buys
- pay menjadi pays
- spray menjadi sprays
- destroy menjadi destroys
- Apabila verb tidak termasuk kelompok diatas ➝ -s
- Sit menjadi Sits
- Write menjadi writes
- Sleep menjadi sleeps
3. Present Progressive yaitu, menyatakan suatu kejadian yang sedang berlangsung saat ini (pada saat bicara)
- Rumus Verbal :
(+) S + am/is/are + V-ing + O
(-) S + am/is/are + not + V-ing + O
(?) am/is/are + S + V-ing + O ?
- Contoh Kalimatnya :
- Joseph isn't reading book
- Is Joseph reading book?
➨Kata keterangan dalam present progressive :
- Now
- Right now
- Still
- Today / tonight
- This ......
- Own
- Need
- Want
4. Simple Past yaitu, menyatakan suatu kejadian yang terjadi dimana lampau (selesai dan tidak detail)
- Rumus Verbal :
(+) S + V2 + O
(-) S + didn't + V2 + O
(?) Did + S + V1 + O ?
- Contoh kalimatnya :
- She didn't lost her pencil.
- Did she lose her pencil.
- Rumus Non-Verbal :
(+) S + was/were + Non-verb + O
(-) S + was/were + not + Non-verb + O
(?) Was/were + S + Non-Verb + O ?
- Contoh Kalimatnya :
- He was not a doctor
- Was he a doctor?
➤ Was untuk she, he, it and I.
➤ Were untuk they, we, you.
➨ Kata keterangan waktu dalam simple past :
- Last .....
- ....... ago
- Yesterday
- Rumus Verbal :
(-) S + Was/ were + not + V-ing + O
(?) Was / were + S V-ing + O ?
- Contoh kalimatnya :
- Ihsan was not destroying his relationship.
- Was Ihsan destroying his relationship?
➨Kata keterangan dalam past progressive :
- at this time .........
- Rumus Verbal :
(-) S + has/have + not + V3 + O
(?) Has/have + S + V3 + O ?
- Contoh kalimatnya :
- He has not ignored me
- Has he ignored me?
- Rumus non verbal :
(-) S + Has/have + Not + been + non-v + O
(?) Has/have + S + been + non-v + O ?
- Contoh kalimatnya :
- They have not been farmer
- Have they been farmer?
➨ Keterangan :
- Has untuk She, He, It
- Have untuk They, We, I, You
- Never
- Ever
- Already
- Just
- Still
- Yet
- Since
- For
- So far
- Lifetime
- We have study in course since Desember 2016.
- We have study in course for three months.
7. Past perfect yaitu, menyatakan suatu kejadian yang telah terjadi dimasa lampau sebelum atau sesudah kejadian lain dimasa lampau.
- Rumus Verbal :
(+) S + Had + V3 + O
(-) S + had + not + V3 + O
(?) Had + S + V3 + O ?
- Rumus Non Verbal :
(+) S + Had + been + non-v + O
(-) S + had + not + been + non-v + O
(?) Had + S + been + non-v + O ?
➨Kata keterangan past perfect :
- Never
- ever
- already
- still
- just
- yet
- before
- after
- Before.
- S + had + V3 + O + before + S + V2 + O
- After.
- S + V2 + ) after + S + had + V3 + O
8. Future Time.
- Simple future / Present future :
- S + will/shall + V1 + O ➝ American english
- S + will + V1 + O ➝ British english
- S + (be) going to + V1 + O ➝ British english (be = am, is, are)
- Will fungsinya
- Menyatakan kemauan (willingness)
- 50% akan terjadi dimasa akan datang
- Prediksi
- Ciri-ciri kalimat menggunakan will :
- If
- Around
- About
- Geuss
- Think
- Maybe
- Probably
- Impossible
- Not sure
- Not certain
- Perhaps
- (be) going to fungsinya :
- Menyatakan rencana yang akan diutamakan (prior plan).
- 90% akan terjadi
- prediksi.
- Kata keterangan waktu dalam future :
- Tomorrow
- Leter
- Next ......
- Kata penghubung (conjunction) dalam will vs (be) going to :
- When
- While
- As soon as
- Although
- If
- After
- Before
- As well as
- Eventhought, tought
- Until
- Contoh kalimat :
- After my father arrive at the airport tomorrow at 2 pm afternoon, he is going to call me to pick up him.
- My sister will make me pizza if I get 1st rank at the school.
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